
To improve and stabilize the success rates of assisted reproductive technology and ensure safety, it is essential to maintain the quality of the in vitro culture environment for embryos. This involves the careful selection, storage, and use of high-performance culture media, the proper management of incubator temperature and gas concentrations, and the rigorous prevention of contamination by substances that may harm embryo development. This review, highlights microorganisms, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, and trace elements as key risk factors for contamination of culture media. It outlines their sources, their effects on embryos, and strategies for their mitigation.